Technical Abstract: Environmentally sound plant treatments that can impose mild physiological stress and elicit bioaccumulation of useful phytochemicals such as kaempferols are limited. Both ABA application and wounding are promising, eco-friendly leaf treatments that elicit kaempferol bioaccumulation in young soy leaves. ABA application and wounding showed different influences on the balance between photosynthetic primary metabolism and kaempferol glycoside accumulation in soy leaves. Kaempferol yields showed positive correlations to net photosynthesis in ABA-treated plants. However, the differences among kaempferol concentrations across leaf treatments were insignificant. Each leaf treatment increased total kaempferol concentrations ranging from 42% in ABA-treated plants compared to control. Six kaempferols quantified were found to be mono-, di- and triglycosides.
Although all leaf treatments appeared to increase antioxidant activity, only the 25% increase by ABA-treated plants compared to control was significant. While ABA treatments and leaf holing had no effect on pigment concentrations, leaf piercing increased total chlorophyll 39% and total carotenoids 38% compared to control.
The effects of these treatments on leaf biology and chemistry were examined. We tested abscisic acid (ABA) foliar applications and two types of leaf wounding, piercing or hole punching in young greenhouse-grown soy plants. Interpretive Summary: Environmentally sound plant treatments that can impose mild physiological stress and elicit bioaccumulation of useful phytochemicals such as kaempferols (low molecular weight flavonoids) are limited. Photosynthesis and kaempferol yields of soybean leaves under ABA application and mechanical wounding. K-Meter sells for 49 USD, LCAST Stereo for 199 and LCAST Surround for 399.Citation: Ratnayaka, H., Boue, S.M., Dinh, T., Lee, S., Cherubin, R. You can pan and zoom the view to isolate areas of interest and make comparisons.īoth plugins are available for Mac and Windows in 32/64-bit Audio Unit, VST 2.4 and AAX formats. LCAST features a graphical history view of integrated, short-term and momentary loudness levels. It includes presets for North American broadcasters (ATSC A/85), European broadcasters (EBU R128) and more. It is aimed at content creators who need to comply with precise loudness and peak level requirements. LCAST helps you ensure that your audio is broadcast-ready. Instead of focusing on maximizing peak levels, K-Meter places emphasis on dynamic range and sensible loudness levels. It stands in opposition to the hyper-compressed recordings of the loudness wars era. K-Meter is built around Bob Katz's K-System, an integrated metering and monitoring system that helps you target commonly used loudness levels in a variety of genres. K-Meter and LCAST help you take loudness and true-peak measurements. Now users can download AAX versions of the plugins for use with Pro Tools 10.3.6 or greater. The plugins, K-Meter and LCAST Loudness Meter, were previously available in Audio Unit and VST 2.4 formats for Mac and Windows. MeterPlugs today announced that its audio plugins are now compatible with Pro Tools. Learn more about 10 Soundware Mixer Feedback model M K Mixer Feedback model M K is available now for $29.99. nki files and 100 WAV files (24-bit/44.1 kHz). In this sole sound set in the 10 Soundware Mixer Feedback series to feature a modern, high fidelity mixer, he crosses professional audio equipment with hacker-like ingenuity. As a reflection of its distinction in its conventional usage, he characterizes its feedback signal in a no-input mixer configuration as "clear and accurate" and "relatively stable and controllable", in stark contrast to other models in his mixer collection. The timbres generated by the mixer used in Mixer Feedback model M K can be described as "like a soft synth", according to Taichi Furudate. The fourth in a series of four titles, each centered on a different mixer, this release features a contemporary, workhorse model by an American manufacturer (a model within a series known to have democratized professional quality recording in the 1990's). Designed by Taichi Furudate, these patches are based on audio captured from a no-input mixer, an instrument contrived by connecting the output of an audio mixer with its input to incite feedback. Mixer Feedback model M K by 10 Soundware is a sound set for Native Instruments Kontakt 5.
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